On Idle Energy Consumption Minimization in Production: Industrial Example and Mathematical Model

This paper, inspired by a real production process of steel hardening, investigates a scheduling problem to minimize the idle energy consumption of machines. The energy minimization is achieved by switching a machine to some power-saving mode when it is idle. For the steel hardening process, the mode of the machine (i.e., furnace) can be associated with its inner temperature. Contrary to the recent methods, which consider only a small number of machine modes, the temperature in the furnace can be changed continuously, and so an infinite number of the power-saving modes must be considered to achieve the highest possible savings. To model the machine modes efficiently, we use the concept of the energy function, which was originally introduced in the domain of embedded systems but has yet to take roots in the domain of production research. The energy function is illustrated with several application examples from the literature. Afterward, it is integrated into a mathematical model of a scheduling problem with parallel identical machines and jobs characterized by release times, deadlines, and processing times. Numerical experiments show that the proposed model outperforms a reference model adapted from the literature.Comment: Accepted to 9th International Conference on Operations Research and Enterprise Systems (ICORES 2020

Utilization of the concept Spiraldynamik in therapy of scoliosis

Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou skolióz a jejich následnou korekcí pomocí konceptu Spiraldynamik. V úvodu práce je nastíněna daná problematika a v teoretické části je popsána různorodost jednotlivých typů skolióz, jejich problematika, vyšetření, vznik a konzervativní či operativní léčba. Dalším tématem v teoretické části je obecný popis a praktické využití konceptu Spiraldynamik. Praktická část je tvořena podrobnými kazuistikami tří pacientů s cílem ověřit formulované hypotézy, které byly zaměřeny na účinnost zvoleného konceptu pro samotnou terapii. Na základě dosažených výsledků byla potvrzena účinnost konceptu v rámci zlepšení bolesti a pohyblivosti páteře, o čemž se pojednává v diskuzi. V závěru práce jsou zhodnoceny veškeré výsledky prováděného výzkumu.ObhájenoThe bachelor thesis deals with the problems of scoliosis and their subsequent correction using the Spiraldynamik concept. At the beginning of the thesis is outlined the issue and the theoretical part describes the variety of individual types of scoliosis, their problems, examination, emergence and conservative or operative treatment. Another topic in the theoretical part is a general description and practical use of the Spiraldynamik concept. The practical part consists of detailed case studies of three patients in order to verify formulated hypotheses that were focused on the effectiveness of the chosen concept for therapy itself. On the basis of the results achieved, the effectiveness of the concept of improving the pain and mobility of the spine, as discussed in the discussion, was confirmed. All results of the research are evaluated at the end of the thesis

Analysis of the causes of fires from electrical equipment caused in the South Bohemia region in the years 2009-2013 and the concept of precautions to improve the situation

The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical. In the first, the author explains the important terms for processing the empirical part. He deals with the theory of fire and summary of the general rules. He also deals with finding out the causes of fire and the computer program "Statistical monitoring of events", all the data were taken here. The chapter provides a general overview of el. devices, classification, history and possible danger. A very important of this part is the division of el. initiators explain. the terms such as el. short circuit, impedance, el. spark, el. arc, overcurrent, car-el. and its application in vehicles. Separately the author deals with atmospheric and ESD. The first objective was to analyze the causes of fires from el. devices in the South Bohemian Region (SBR). The second objective was the proposal of arrangements to improve the situation. The author determined two hypotheses: 1. The most common cause of fires of el. devices in the SBR is the el. short circuit. 2. The most frequent fires of el. devices in the SBR are the fires of vehicles. At the end of the first part, the author outlined the methodology. For processing the empirical part , he chose a quantitative research. The research was carried out by using the one-dimensional statistical analysis of data. The author created the list of literary sources based on literature gained from research libraries, the Fire Rescue Service (FRS) of the SBR, territorial department Strakonice and el. sources available on the internet. All the data the author gained SME of the FRS of the SBR. Within empirical part, the author first carried out the overall statistics of fires from el. initiators. The results show that in the period of 2009 - 2013 there was an increase in number of fires from el. initiators from 7,14 % to 14,97 %, it means more than double compared to a total amount of all fires, which have a decreasing tendency. Then he deals with proportions among particular initiators of fire. These data indicate that the most abundant initiator is car-el. and its application in vehicles. Other significant initiators are el. short circuit and impedance. Other initiators carry a much smaller proportion of the total number of fires. Then follow damages and salvage values caused. Salvage values in each of the monitored years are far greater than the damages, about 80 %. The author continues with the amount of people killed and injured, there is a big difference. Throughout the given period there were 5 people killed in fires from el. initiators, 51 people injured. For the total fires are numbers logically higher, in years 2009 - 2013 were 363 people injured and 51 killed. Then follows a part in which the author deals with individual initiators represented by el. short circuit, impedance, el. spark, el. arc, overcurrent, car-el. and its application in vehicles, atmospheric discharge and ESD. In the empirical part, there are also included initiators, which cannot be further specified. After processing the gained statistical data it comes to the discussion, in which the author analyzes particular tables and graphs, problems, which occurred with their solution and expresses to previously established hypotheses. The first hypothesis was refuted, the second confirmed. The author proposed measures to improve the situation, as there was detected a lack of security measures. The results of the thesis will be a contribution to the FRS of the Czech Republic, especially to the Prevention Department, pedagogical purposes or the general public in the context of preventive educational activities. After implementation of any of my proposals, using the same research it is possible to determine whether the implementation of the proposal has a positive impact on the number of fires, injured and killed people or on an amount of damages in the coming years

Dangerous Points along the River Otava

Dangerous Points along the River Otava I have chosen the Bachelor Thesis done on the theme Dangerous points along the river Otava because of my strong affection for professional canoeing as well as ordinary canoe paddling on rivers. Each river has its own victims either due to underestimating high level of the water during spring melting or after heavy rainstorms, or just because of the frivolity when descending rivers during nice summer days. Most of injuries and accidents occur at river blocks as weirs and their water gates, subsidiary weirs, and rapids. I suppose these water blocks, mostly artificial ones, to be the most difficult and dangerous points along the entire length of the river. The aim of this Bachelor Thesis is to draw attention of common canoeists as well as professional rescue bodies to particular dangerous points on the river Otava. First chapter is concerning the description of the river Otava in various terms as for instance the nature of the flow, its difficulty and how it is runnable. Further, I have described basic, the most important protective, and rescue equipment. The outcomes of my thesis describe dangerous places I have chosen and the ways of passing them. There were described over 36 points and 5 of them determined as the most dangerous that shall ever be avoided by canoeists at any water level. There were also explained ways of self-rescuing and some other ways of team cooperation rescue. I proposed first aid solutions in case of various injuries or health problems based on rescuing, first aid and subsequent calling for professional help. I expect my experience related to descents of rivers and water rescuing to be of help to beginners as well as to experienced canoeists to avoid problems when experiencing other troubles on the river Otava

Hodoscope with Timepix detectors for PilsenCube2 cubesat

The contribution describes the design of Timepix-based hodoscope for cubesat applications, such as Pilsen-Cube2, developed by the University of West Bohemia. The hodoscope is composed of two Timepix detectors with silicon thickness of 300 μm, placed in back-to-back arrangement and rotated relative to each other by 90◦, forming a telescope set-up. A copper separator is placed between two detectors to distinguish electrons and protons. The payload hardware and firmware are designed to support single detector operation as well as dual detector operation mode, in which particle coincidence detection is possible. The hodoscope electronic has been designed with respect to harsh radiation environment present in LEO (Low Earth Orbit). The device involves independent radiation hardened power supplies, including bias high voltage supply (up to 250 V) and auxiliary threshold reference DAC for each Timepix detector. Considering highly limited achievable data throughput between the CubeSat and the ground control station, advanced on-board data processing has been developed to reduce the size of transmitted data. The on-board data processing is provided by the radiation hardened SoC (System on Chip) Smartfusion2

First operation of the KATRIN experiment with tritium

The determination of the neutrino mass is one of the major challenges in astroparticle physics today. Direct neutrino mass experiments, based solely on the kinematics of β β -decay, provide a largely model-independent probe to the neutrino mass scale. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to directly measure the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV 0.2 eV (90% 90% CL). In this work we report on the first operation of KATRIN with tritium which took place in 2018. During this commissioning phase of the tritium circulation system, excellent agreement of the theoretical prediction with the recorded spectra was found and stable conditions over a time period of 13 days could be established. These results are an essential prerequisite for the subsequent neutrino mass measurements with KATRIN in 2019